This is a continuation of the Amendments to our Constitution and the end of the Rule of Law Series. I hope you've learned from it and understand the Constitution a little better now.
The 11th Amendment changes Article III, Section 2, Clause 1. Basically it takes the Federal courts out of any lawsuit against a state brought about by a citizen of another state.
The 12th Amendment changes Article II, Section 1, Clause 3. It changes the way the Electoral College votes for POTUS and the VEEP and requires the VEEP to have the same qualifications for office asa the President. It's nice for the Constitution to tells that Obama and Biden shall be equally qualified. I'll let you complete the rest of this thought on your own.
The 13th Amendment does away with slavery or involuntary servitude in the United States. Sorry men, it doesn't apply to marriage, because that's voluntary servitude.
The 14th Amendment codifies our citizenship, the way Congressmen are apportioned, and denies the ability of former officers and elected officials of the US, who've sworn an oath to rhe Constitution who has engaged in Rebellion against the US from holding an elected office or a military officer's commission. It also tells us that the Public Debt of the US shall not have it's validity questioned. However, most of this amendment is actually moot at this point in history. It was passed to prevent Confederate Officers and Elected Officials from holding office in the US, to repudiate the debts of those states who joined the Confederacy, and to state that slave holders will not be reimbursed for the cost of former slaves. There has been an article published by Judge L.H. Perez of Louisiana stating that the 14th Amendment is unconstitutional, and why he believes that.
The Judge states that "1. The Joint Resolution proposing said Amendment was not submitted to or adopted by a Constitutional Congress. Article I, Section 3, and Article V of the U.S. Constitution. 2. The Joint Resolution was not submitted to the President for his approval. Article I, Section 7. 3. The proposed 14th Amendment was rejected by more than one-fourth of all the States then in the Union, and it was never ratified by three-fourths of all the States in the Union." I must say, his logic and statements make perfect sence to me. The article can be found at http://www.sweetliberty.org/fourteenth.amend.htm
The 15th Amendment grants the right to vote to all (male) citizens, regardless of race, color, or previous conditionh of servitude.
The 16th Amendment is one of the most "beloved" of our amendments. It grants Congress the power to level an Income Tax! It amends Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 of the Constitution. There are a number of sites discussing the unconstituionality of this amendment, and some that state the amendment is not the source of Congress authority to levy an income tax. For further reading see http://www.thepriceofliberty.org/04/04/16/greenslade.htm and
http://www.usa-the-republic.com/revenue/true_history/Chap5.html for some opinions on the matter.
The 17th Amendment changes the way Senators are elected. Under the Constitution they were elected by the State Legislature. Under this amendment they are elected by the people.
The 18th Amendment has been repealed. It was the Prohibition Amendment.
The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote.
The 20th Amendment assigns certain responsibilities to the Congress and the Vice President Elect if the President Elect shall die before being anugurated or be found unqualified for the office.
The 21st Amendment simply repealed the 18th Amendment.
The 22nd Amendment set Term Limits for the President. It was ratified in 1951, during the Truman Presidency. It's purpose was to not allow another person to pull an FDR. For those of you who've never thought about it, FDR was President from 1933 to his death in 1945. That was 12 years and he had been re-elected to another term. He would have spent a minimum of 16 years in the White House.
The 23rd Amendment allows the citizens of the District of Columbia to vote in Presidential Elections.
The 24th Amendment did away with the Poll Tax. For you youngsters, the Poll Tax was used primarily in the South. It required a tax be paid before you could vote, and the tax was enabled because most Blacks in the South couldn't afford to pay it. In essence it was a way to take away their right to vote.
The 25th Amendment directs how the Vice President may become Acting President of the United States. One of the ways is the VEEP and a majority of the Cabinet send a letter to the Speaker of the House and to the President Pro Tempore of the Senate declaring the President is unable to perform the duties of his office.
The 26th Amendment gives the right to vote, in Federal elections, to 18 year olds.
The 27th Amendment defines when Congressional pay raises may take effect. This was the original 1st Amendment but it took from 25 September 1789 to 7 May 1992. You read it right, it took 202 years, 7 months, and 12 days to ratify this amendment.
Next time, some National Security Issues.
God Bless America.
Gunner Sends.
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